Terminology

After
A work of art or object made in the style of an artist or maker, but not by the artist. Sometimes refers to bronzes or other multiples that may have used an artist’s mold or plate but were reproduced by someone other than the artist. Can also be used to describe a direct reproduction after an original work of art.

Attributed (attr.)
In our opinion, probably or possibly a work of art by the artist or maker, but either unsigned, unmarked and/or lacking adequate provenance or agreement by experts in the field.

Bears the Signature
The work is signed, but the work and signature may not be by the hand of the artist.

In the Manner of
Made in the likeness or style of an artist, with a slight possibility that it was made by the artist or maker or by a follower or student of him or her. Also see “After” and “Attributed To”.

Not Examined Out of Frame
The piece of art has not been taken out of the frame for examination.

Possibly
Being something that may or may not be true or actual. We do not guarantee it to be true.

Probably
Supported by evidence strong enough to establish presumption but not proof. We do not guarantee it to be true.

School
Usually relates to a particular artistic or aesthetic movement. It can also relate to an actual school or to followers of a particular artist or maker. Also see: “Manner of”, “Style”, “Attributed to” and “After”.

Style
After the time period in which the style originated, or a more recent reproduction (ie: Queen Anne style, Chippendale style). In artworks, sometimes used to refer to the style of a particular artist or artistic movement, generally made long after that time period.

Absentee Bids
If you are not able to attend the auction in person or bid online, you may submit an Absentee Bid Form. By doing so we will execute bids on your behalf. No Absentee Bid Forms will be accepted without a valid credit card number, photo ID, and signature. Please be advised, the card you register with will be charged for the invoice total after the sale.

Bidding Increments
Live Auctioneers, Invaluable, and Auction Mobility have standard bid increments that are followed that are determined by the current bid.

Buyer’s Premium (BP)
The additional amount above the final bid amount (also known as hammer price) that is paid as part of the total purchase price (30%)

Condition
Any visible condition problems, flaws, or damage to the piece. Acceptable condition varies for various categories of object. For example, antique furniture, paintings and decorative objects are expected to show a certain amount of wear, given their age, while modern pieces should be closer to perfect condition.

Estimate
The price range the item is expected to be bid to, the expected selling price.

Hammer Price
The final bid amount that the item sells for.

Measurements
Furniture and items are measured at their largest/widest points. Art is measured without the frame, unless specified. Prints are measured either to the plate mark of full sheet, if no plate mark or image. All measurements are approximate.

Packing Fees
Please view our Shipping Policy under the link on the auction page for more information.

Property Title
The name of the owner of the piece or the estate or collection from which LCA purchased the piece.

Provenance
The history of ownership of the piece, provided either by the consignor or from accompanying information.

Registration
You can register directly through Live Auctioneers, Invaluable, or Auction Mobility, which asks you provide name, contact information and a credit card for security purposes. We do not receive your credit card information and your card will not automatically be charged for the sale. You must contact us to make payment arrangements for purchases.

Shipping
Small items are packed and shipped via a third party packing and shipping company. Larger items and furniture can be shipped through other companies. More information can be found under the link on the auction page for Shipping Information.

Starting Price
The starting price is usually 50% of the low estimate. A bid cannot be entered that is lower than the starting price. Also referred to as “opening bid”.

Unsold Items
If an item does not receive an opening bid, and you are interested in purchasing it, please let us know.